- Level Foundation
- Duration 60 hours
- Course by The University of Chicago
-
Offered by
About
This seven-week course will explore the relationship between law and technology with a strong focus on the law of the United States with some comparisons to laws around the world, especially in Europe. Tech progress is an important source of economic growth and raises broader questions about the human condition, including how culture evolves and who controls that evolution. Technology also matters in countless other ways as it often establishes the framework in which governments interact with their citizens, both in allowing speech and blocking it and in establishing exactly what the boundaries are between private life and the government. And technology itself is powerfully shaped by the laws that apply in areas as diverse as copyright, antitrust, patents, privacy, speech law and the regulation of networks. The course will explore seven topics: 1. Microsoft: The Desktop vs. The Internet. We will start with a look at the technology path that led to the first personal computer in early 1975, the Altair 8800. That path starts with the vacuum tube, moves to transistors, then to integrated circuits and finally to the microprocessor. We will look at the early days of software on the personal computer and the competition between selling software and open-source approaches as well as the problem of software piracy. We will discus the public good nature of software. The 1981 launch of the IBM PC revolutionized the personal computer market and started the path to Microsoft's powerful position and eventual monopoly in that market with the selection of MS-DOS. We then turn to four antitrust cases against Microsoft: (1) the 1994 U.S. case relating to MS-DOS licensing practices; (2) the U.S. antitrust middleware case over Microsoft's response to Netscape Navigator; (3) the European Union case regarding Windows Media Player; and (4) the EU browser case over Internet Explorer. These disputes arose at the point of maximal competition between the free-standing personal computer and the Internet world that would come after it and we may know enough now to assess how these cases influenced that competition. 2. Google Emerges (and the World Responds). Google has emerged as one of the dominant platforms of the Internet era and that has led to corresponding scrutiny by regulators throughout the world. Decisions that Google makes about its algorithm can be life altering. Individuals are finding it more difficult to put away past mistakes, as Google never forgets, and businesses can find that their sales plummet if Google moves them from the first page of search results to a later page. With great power comes scrutiny and we will look at how government regulators have evaluated how Google has exercised its power. Both the U.S. Federal Trade Commission and the European Union have undertaken substantial investigations of Google's practices and we will look at both of those. 3. Smartphones. The Internet started on the desktop but the Internet is increasingly mobile and people are seemingly tethered to their smartphones and tablets. And we have seen an interesting shift in that market away from Nokia handsets and the Blackberry to Apple's iPhone and its iOS platform and to the Android platform. The legal infrastructure of smartphones and tablets is extraordinarily complex. We will start by looking at U.S. spectrum policy and the effort to free up 500 megahertz of spectrum. We will look at the activities of standard setting organizations, including the IEEE and the creation of the 802.11 standard and Wi-Fi (or, if you prefer, wifi), the creation of patent pools and the regulation of standard essential patents. We will look at the FTC action against Google/Motorola Mobility and Apple's lawsuit against Samsung over utility and design patents relating to the iPhone. Finally, we will take a brief look at the European Commission's investigation into the Android platform. 4. Nondiscrimination and Network Neutrality. Facebook has more than 1 billion users and measure that against a world population of roughly 7 billion and a total number of Internet users of roughly 2.5 billion. A course on law and technology simply has to grapple with the basic framework for regulating the Internet and a key idea there is the notion of network neutrality. Nondiscrimination obligations are frequent in regulated network industries, but at the same, discrimination can be an important tool of design for communication networks. We will start our look at the Internet by looking at the great first communications network of the United States, the post office and will look in particular at the Post Office Act of 1845. We will then move to modern times and will consider efforts by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission to produce sensible and sustainable nondiscrimination conditions for the Internet and will touch briefly on comparisons from around the world. 5. The Day the Music Died? In many ways, the Internet came first to music with the rise of peer-to-peer (p2p) music sharing through Napster and its successors. We start with a look into music platform history and the devices that brought recorded music into the home: the phonograph and the player piano. We turn to radio and the legal regime that puts music on the airwaves, the performing rights organizations like ASCAP and BMI. We look at the antitrust issues associated with the blanket license. We consider a failed music platform, digital audio tape, and the complicated legal regime associated with it, the Audio Home Recording Act of 1992. We will consider the copyright issues raised by the creation and distribution of music and the litigation over the p2p technologies such as Napster and Grokster. The music industry responded to p2p technology by adding digital rights management tools to CDs. As music distribution switched from physical media to digital distribution, we entered the world of Apple and the iPod and iTunes. We consider the DRM issues associated with Apple's music platform as seen by Steve Jobs. We conclude by looking at emerging subscription services like Spotify and the service that Apple is building based on its purchase of Beats. 6. Video: Listening and Watching. Images are some of the most powerful ways in which ideas and speech are communicated and video has long been regulated by the state. That starts as a communications law issue with government regulation of the radio spectrum, but also leads to the design of the television system with the assignment of channels and eventually the definition of digital television. And with the emergence first of cable TV and subsequently the VCR critical copyright roadblocks had to be overcome for new distribution technologies to emerge. We will consider the legal engineering that led to the DVD platform, which was an exercise in patent pools and trademark creation. We will sort through the creation of the digital TV platform and will also look at the copyright underpinnings for Netflix. And we will consider the question of technology neutrality in the content of the copyright fight over a new video distribution entrant, Aereo. Finally, we close the week with a brief look at the incentive spectrum auctions and the possible end of broadcast television. 7. The Mediated Book. Gutenberg revolutionized books with his printing press and for academics, books are sacred objects. But the printed book is on the run and with the rise of the ebook, we are entering a new era, the era of the mediated book. This is more than just a change in technology. We will look at the issues created by the rise of the ebook, issues about control over content and licensing and of the privacy of thought itself. We will also look at the legal skirmishes over this space, including the copyright fair use litigation over Google Books, the Apple e-book antitrust case. And we will look at the Amazon Kindle platform.Modules
Introduction
2
Videos
- Trailer
- Course Overview
1
Readings
- Welcome to the Course!
Key Readings and Slides
2
Readings
- Top Readings
- Slides for Module
Lesson 1: The Technology of the Binary World
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
3
Videos
- Very Very Fast 0s and 1s
- The 1956 AT&T Settlement
- The Path to the CPU
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 2: Micro-Soft Becomes Microsoft
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
3
Videos
- Building BASIC
- Selling Software?
- The Rise of Microsoft and the Personal Computer Era
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 3: The U.S. Government Sues Microsoft, Version 1.0
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
3
Videos
- The 1994 Licensing Case: Microsoft's Monopoly
- The 1994 Licensing Case: Anticompetitive Licenses
- The 1994 Licensing Case: Anticompetitive Licenses: Analytics
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 4: The Rise of the Internet and Netscape
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
2
Videos
- The Rise of the Internet and Netscape Part One
- The Rise of the Internet and Netscape Part Two
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 5: The U.S. Middleware Antitrust Case
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
4
Videos
- The U.S. Sues Microsoft (Again) Part One
- The U.S. Sues Microsoft (Again) Part Two
- Resolution in the U.S.
- Remedies: How Do You Solve a Problem Like Microsoft?
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 6: Europe Chases Microsoft
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
2
Videos
- Windows Media Player in Europe
- Europe Looks at Internet Explorer
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Module Wrap Up
1
Assignment
- Graded Quiz
1
Videos
- Wrap Up: What Have We Learned?
2
Readings
- Updates and Corrections
- Sources and Copyright Statement
Introduction
1
Videos
- Overview
2
Readings
- Top Readings
- Slides for Module
Lesson 1: Search Before Google
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
4
Videos
- The State of the Internet Circa 2000
- A Brief Tour of the Federal Trade Commission
- Regulating Search Engines 1.0 Part One
- Regulating Search Engines 1.0 Part Two
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 2: Google Begins
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
4
Videos
- Inventing Google? Part One
- Inventing Google? Part Two
- Building Google
- Monetizing Google
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 3: The Infrastructure Behind Google
1
Readings
- Lesson Overview
Lesson 3-1: The Infrastructure Behind Google: Technology
2
Videos
- The PageRank Algorithm Part One
- The PageRank Algorithm Part Two
Lesson 3-2: The Infrastructure Behind Google: Economics
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
3
Videos
- Two-Sided Markets Part One
- Two-Sided Markets Part Two
- Auctions and Monopoly Power
1
Readings
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 4: The Evolution of Google
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
2
Videos
- Google Evolves
- Competition and Google
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 5: Competition Issues 2010-14
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
4
Videos
- The European Competition Investigation of Google
- The FTC and Google Part One
- The FTC and Google Part Two
- Back to Europe
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra Depth Readings
Lesson 6: The 2015 EU Statement of Objections
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
4
Videos
- Shopping on Google
- Google Shopping: A New Data Model
- 15 April 2015: The EU Statement of Objections
- 15 April 2015: Google's Response
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra Depth Readings
Week Wrap Up
1
Assignment
- Graded Quiz
2
Videos
- Wrap Up: What Have We Learned?
- Video Chat, Friday, 31 July 2015
2
Readings
- Updates and Corrections
- Sources and Copyright Statement
Introduction
1
Videos
- Module Overview
2
Readings
- Top Readings
- Slides for Module
Lesson 1: Starting Points: Spectrum and Platforms
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
3
Videos
- Controlling the Spectrum
- Finding More Spectrum
- The Smartphone Platform Shifts
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 2: Economics
1
Readings
- Lesson Overview
Lesson 2-1: Economics: Standard Setting Externalities
2
Videos
- Standard Setting Externalities Part One
- Standard Setting Externalities Part Two
Lesson 2-2: Economics: Winner-Take-All Markets
3
Videos
- Winner-Take-All Markets I Part One
- Winner-Take-All Markets I Part Two
- Winner-Take-All Markets II
Lesson 2-3: Economics: Royalty Stacking and Double Marginalization
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
1
Videos
- Patent Royalty Stacking
1
Readings
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 3: Standard Setting in Practice
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
4
Videos
- Defining Standards
- Standard Essential Patents
- SSOs and Market Power
- Standard Setting v. Cartelization
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 4: Coralling (F)RAND and Injunctions
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
3
Videos
- The Other FTC Action against Google Part One
- The Other FTC Action against Google Part Two
- The IEEE Updates its Patent Policy
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 5: Back to iOS and Android
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
4
Videos
- The iOS Platform
- Apple v Samsung
- The Android Platform
- The EU Investigation of Android
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Module Wrap Up
1
Assignment
- Graded Quiz
1
Videos
- Wrap Up: What Have We Learned?
2
Readings
- Updates and Corrections (Last Update: 11 July 2015)
- Sources and Copyright Statement
Introduction
1
Videos
- Module Overview
2
Readings
- Top Readings
- Slides for Module
Lesson 1: A National Communications System and Discrimination in Network Industries: History
1
Readings
- Lesson Overview
Lesson 1-1: A National Communications System
2
Videos
- The Post Office: A National Communications System
- The Post Office: Cross-Subsidization and Cream Skimming
Lesson 1-2: Discrimination in Network Industries: History
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
3
Videos
- The Postal Act of 1845 Part One
- The Postal Act of 1845 Part Two
- The Commerce Act of 1887
1
Readings
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 2: Classifying Cable ISPs
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
4
Videos
- Classifying Cable ISPs
- Cable ISP Classification in the Supreme Court
- What Counts as an Offer?
- Delivering Pizza
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 3: Non-Neutrality in Action and The FCC’s Authority: There Must Be a Statute Somewhere …
1
Readings
- Lesson Overview
Lesson 3-1: Non-Neutrality in Action
4
Videos
- An Open Internet?
- What Can You Do with Your Internet Connection?
- Poster Child No. 2
- Why Did Comcast Do This?
Lesson 3-2: The FCC's Authority: There Must Be a Statute Somewhere ...
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
3
Videos
- Fast Forward: 2010-2014 Part One
- Fast Forward: 2010-2014 Part Two
- Fast Forward: 2010-2014 Part Three
1
Readings
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 4: The FCC's 2015 Order and a Broader Framing
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
4
Videos
- 2015 FCC Open Internet Order Part One
- 2015 FCC Open Internet Order Part Two
- Framing Net Neutrality Part One
- Framing Net Neutrality Part Two
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Module Wrap Up
1
Assignment
- Graded Quiz
1
Videos
- Wrap Up: What Have We Learned?
2
Readings
- Updates and Corrections
- Sources and Copyright Statement
Introduction
1
Videos
- Module Overview
2
Readings
- Top Readings
- Slides for Module
Lesson 1: The Great Unlocking (and Relocking?)
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
2
Videos
- The Great Unlocking (and Relocking?) Part One
- The Great Unlocking (and Relocking?) Part Two
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 2: Music Comes Home (Of Phonographs and Piano Rolls)
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
4
Videos
- Making Music Circa 1871
- A Tech Revolution in Music
- What is a Copy?
- Control at a Distance
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 3: Playing Music Over the Air
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
3
Videos
- A Little Radio History
- Performing Music on the Radio
- The Blanket License
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 4: False Starts: The AHRA, DAT and the Diamond Rio
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
2
Videos
- The Next Big Music Platform (in 1990): Digital Audio Tape
- The MP3 Player Arrives (and it isn't an iPod)
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 5: Music Gets Napstered
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
3
Videos
- The Internet: A Perfect Copying and Distribution Machine?
- The Internet Routes Around: Grokster
- Locking the Music: The DMCA and Sony BMG DRM
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 6: Building iTunes and Subscription Music Services
1
Readings
- Lesson Overview
Lesson 6-1: Building iTunes
3
Videos
- The Day the (Physical) Music Died
- DRM and iTunes: Steve Jobs on Music Part One
- DRM and iTunes: Steve Jobs on Music Part Two
Lesson 6-2: Subscription Music Services
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
2
Videos
- Our Subscription Future? Part One
- Our Subscription Future? Part Two
1
Readings
- Extra-Depth Readings
Module Wrap Up
1
Assignment
- Graded Quiz
1
Videos
- Wrap Up: What Have We Learned?
2
Readings
- Updates and Corrections
- Sources and Copyright Statement
Introduction
1
Videos
- Module Overview
2
Readings
- Top Readings
- Slides for Module
Lesson 1: Creating TV Broadcasting and Cable TV Startup
1
Readings
- Lesson Overview
Lesson 1-1: Creating TV Broadcasting
2
Videos
- Television?
- The Checkerboard in the Sky
Lesson 1-2: Cable TV Startup
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
2
Videos
- Sharing Signals (CATV)
- (Copyright) Regulating Cable TV
1
Readings
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 2: Video Recording and Copyright and the VCR
1
Readings
- Lesson Overview
Lesson 2-1: Video Recording
3
Videos
- The Betamax and the Boston Strangler Part One
- The Betamax and the Boston Strangler Part Two
- The Betamax Case in the U.S. Supreme Court
Lesson 2-2: Copyright and the VCR
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
4
Videos
- Secondary Liability for Sony?
- Substantial Noninfringing Uses of the VCR
- The Dissenting Opinion Part One
- The Dissenting Opinion Part Two
1
Readings
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 3: Constructing New Video Platforms
1
Readings
- Lesson Overview
Lesson 3-1: Constructing New Video Platforms: DVDs
2
Videos
- Building the DVD Platform Part One
- Building the DVD Platform Part Two
Lesson 3-2: Constructing New Video Platforms: DTV/Netflix
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
2
Videos
- DTV: Bringing 0s and 1s to Television
- Netflix and the First-Sale Doctrine
1
Readings
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 4: Ending TV Broadcasting?: Aereo/Incentive Spectrum Auctions
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
4
Videos
- Aereo: An Exercise in Triangulation Part One
- Aereo: An Exercise in Triangulation Part Two
- Aereo: An Exercise in Triangulation Part Three
- Ending TV Broadcasting?: Incentive Spectrum Auctions
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Module Wrap Up
1
Assignment
- Graded Quiz
1
Videos
- Wrap Up: What Have We Learned?
2
Readings
- Updates and Corrections
- Sources and Copyright Statement
Introduction
1
Videos
- Module Overview
2
Readings
- Top Readings
- Slides for Module
Lesson 1: Google Builds A Digital Library (and Gets Sued for Doing So)
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
4
Videos
- Google Launches the Digital Library
- Google's Usage Guidelines
- Google Gets Sued
- A Settlement?
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 2: Fair Use in Copyright and the Digital Library
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
4
Videos
- Google Books and Fair Use
- The HathiTrust Digital Library
- The HathiTrust Lawsuit
- Google Books on Appeal: Briefs
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 3: The Amazon Kindle Platform
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
3
Videos
- The Kindle Launches
- The Kindle as Service
- Advertising-Supported Books?
2
Readings
- Lesson Overview
- Extra-Depth Readings
Lesson 4: The Publishers Look for a Response to Amazon, Reading E-Mails (and Draft Agreements) and Triple A: Apple, Amazon and Antitrust
1
Readings
- Lesson Overview
Lesson 4-1: The Publishers Look for a Response to Amazon
3
Videos
- Apple Gets Sued: eBooks and the iPad
- Dinner in New York
- Apple Enters the eBook Market
Lesson 4-2: Reading E-Mails (and Draft Agreements)
2
Videos
- Reading E-Mails (and Draft Agreements) Part One
- Reading E-Mails (and Draft Agreements) Part Two
Lesson 4-3: Triple A: Apple, Amazon and Antitrust
1
Assignment
- Brief Practice Quiz
2
Videos
- What Did Apple Do Wrong?
- How Do You Break the Antitrust Law with a 0% Market Share? (Or: What about Amazon?)
1
Readings
- Extra-Depth Readings
Module Wrap Up
1
Assignment
- Graded Quiz
1
Videos
- Wrap Up: What Have We Learned?
2
Readings
- Updates and Corrections (Last Update: 11 July 2015)
- Sources and Copyright Statement
Review
1
Assignment
- Final Exam
7
Videos
- Course Review: Microsoft: The Desktop v. The Internet
- Course Review: Google Emerges (and the World Responds)
- Course Review: Smartphones
- Course Review: Nondiscrimination and Neutrality
- Course Review: The Day the Music Died?
- Course Review: Video: Listening and Watching
- Course Review: The Mediated Book
3
Readings
- Slides for Module
- Updates and Corrections
- The End of the Course!
The Decline of BlackBerry: Monday, 17 Aug 2015 to Monday, 31 Aug 2015
1
Readings
- Key Readings
Internet Giants Podcast
1
Readings
- IGP1: Introducing the Internet Giants Podcast
Detailed Information
1
Readings
- [TBA]
Auto Summary
This engaging seven-week course, "Internet Giants: The Law and Economics of Media Platforms," delves into the intricate relationship between law and technology, focusing primarily on the U.S. legal landscape with global comparisons. Guided by expert instructors, learners will explore pivotal topics such as Microsoft's antitrust cases, Google's regulatory scrutiny, smartphone legalities, network neutrality, music and video distribution, and the rise of eBooks. Ideal for personal development, this foundational course is available on Coursera with flexible subscription options, including Starter, Professional, and Paid plans. Perfect for those keen on understanding the legal and economic frameworks shaping modern media platforms.

Randal C. Picker